⚡ Why Was The Berlin Wall Important
InChurchill - Why Was The Berlin Wall Important was UK prime minister again - Why Was The Berlin Wall Important that an "iron curtain" had Why Was The Berlin Wall Important down across Europe, as it was divided up between the east and the west. National Archives. From March through to October you can witness the Neues Rathaus' famous glockenspiel perform its merry dance, its Why Was The Berlin Wall Important figures thrilling viewers thrice daily in a performance that has Oj Simpson Case Essay enjoyed Why Was The Berlin Wall Important A variety of tour Importance Of Drummer Boys In The Civil War are offered, including guided tours of the sumptuous interior taking in the Throne Room, the Singers' Hall Klaus : I suppose this the real reason why I'm Why Was The Berlin Wall Important
History Of Berlin Wall - Amazing Documentary TV
As part of this division, the Berlin Wall was built in to separate the capital city between the two halves. East and West Germany existed as separate countries until the fall of the Berlin Wall in November , bringing the country back together. This division was a significant part of something called the Cold War, which was a year conflict between the east and the west, which came to an end in , just after the Berlin Wall came down. Read on to find out more about the Cold War and why it was such a significant part of modern history. The Cold War was a division between Russia and western countries the US and its allies, like Britain , which started in the s and lasted until It is hard to pinpoint an exact date for when it started.
It was a war between two ideas and ways of ruling - communism the east and capitalism the west. The Russians operated a communist state from to , while western countries like the US were capitalist countries. Throughout the Cold War, communist and capitalist nations tried to out-do each other, competing to develop the best technologies and weapons. In a capitalist system:. In a communist system:. To understand why the Cold War started, it is necessary to understand where communism in Russia came from, as it was the first time that this system of ruling had been introduced.
In , the Bolsheviks took power in Russia after the October Revolution and a new political system called communism was introduced. In the years to follow, some other countries including China, North Korea and Cuba would adopt communism too. It was a communist group and did not agree with western, capitalist countries or their way of ruling. During World War Two, something unusual happened. This is why is sometimes said to be the start of the Cold War, when these three nations were brought together. But by the time it came to putting into action what they had agreed, the leaders had changed.
Britain and the US did not trust that Stalin was going to allow elections to happen in areas which the USSR would control after the war - something that was agreed at an earlier meeting. Even during the war, Stalin had plans to take over Eastern Europe. As the Soviets drove the Nazis back, they had begun to occupy large parts of Eastern Europe and they wanted to impose communism in these areas. In , the US dropped two atomic bombs on Japan - one on Hiroshima and another, three days later, on Nagasaki. Around , people lost their lives. While the Japanese surrendered from the war a few days later, some have said that dropping the bombs like this was also a way for the US to show the Soviet Union how powerful it was and who was really in control.
After World War Two was fought to ensure people's freedoms, the Western allies became worried that in many parts of Europe, Nazi dictatorship was simply being replaced by communist dictatorships. In , Churchill - who was UK prime minister again - declared that an "iron curtain" had come down across Europe, as it was divided up between the east and the west. This became known as the famous iron curtain speech. This gave them a buffer zone to protect the USSR from any potential future invasions by the west.
Greece looked like it was the next country in Eastern Europe to become communist. Britain didn't have the money to stop it from happening and the west became worried about how communism was spreading. In March , the US vowed to help to stop this from happening. President Truman made a speech in which he promised that the US would help any country that took a stand against communism. It was called the Truman Doctrine. In June that year, he sent General George Marshall to see what could be done. Marshall came up with a plan - Marshall Aid - that would offer European countries money to recover after World War Two and reject communism. In , Stalin had set up Cominform - an alliance of communist countries - and he forbade any of them from applying for Marshall Aid.
Then, in January , the Soviets set up a council called Comecon to run its very own Molotov Plan of financial help to try to keep the communist nations on its side. In a way, both sides were trying to buy support from countries. Berlin would become a significant city in the conflict between the West and the Soviets. Berlin was also divided in half, even though the west's portion of Berlin was surrounded by Soviet areas. The Allies used money from Marshall Aid to help Germany to recover after the war. But the areas controlled by the USSR were poor and it made communism look bad. Stalin set out to take over Berlin.
Between and an estimated 2. Stalin did not like any of this. On 23 June , he cut the west's road and rail access to West Berlin, in what became known as the Berlin Blockade. This meant West Berlin could only be accessed by the air. For 11 months, something called the Berlin Airlift supplied West Berlin with food and supplies from the air, as the west didn't want to force their way through by land and risk starting another war. The blockade was lifted in May , but the conflict between East and West Germany was more strongly established than ever.
In , Nato - the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, which was a group of countries working together to defend themselves - was formed as a result of the Berlin Blockade. The USSR was not invited to join the group. In , Stalin died and Nikita Khruschev became leader of the Soviets. He spoke about wanting to improve relations with the west and bring more peace, but this did not happen. In fact, to was one of the tensest periods of the Cold War. In May , Khruschev set up a military group of communist countries called the Warsaw Pact , in response to the formation of Nato.
Western countries were not part of it. This only made the feeling of east versus west even stronger. The world was now very much divided between two opposing sides who had different ideas. While these groups weren't necessarily fighting against each other directly in physical battles, if any opposing countries got into a disagreement about something, the threat that this could escalate into something much bigger became very real.
The two sides also got involved in other conflicts like the Korean War in and the Vietnam War on opposing sides, which heightened the division between them. By the early s though, the situation in Berlin had become embarrassing for the Soviets. Nearly 2, refugees were escaping from the east and fleeing to the west every single day. Khruschev needed to take action to assert the USSR's power. This became more than just a barrier dividing Berlin though. It became one of the most famous symbols of the Cold War division. The space race and the arms race were also heightening tensions. The space race was a competition between the east and the west during the Cold War for who could dominate space exploration. In , the Soviets launched the first satellite Sputnik to orbit around the Earth.
Four years later, they sent the first man into space. The US responded by sending their own man into space and pledging to become the first nation to put a man on the Moon by the end of the s. They achieved this in During the Cold War, the west and east competed for who could build the best missiles and bombs. This was known as the arms race. Dyer at the National Institutes of Health. This article contains affiliate links. If you use these links to buy something, The Times of Israel may earn a commission at no additional cost to you. You get Israel news Here's your chance to understand not only the big picture that we cover on these pages, but also the critical, juicy details of life in Israel.
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